News
09
2021
-
05
Seawater Desalination Speeds Up: Scientists Develop New Nanoparticle Materials for Efficient Desalination
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cnBeta4 29-A research team composed of researchers from Russia's Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Shengguang University (ITMO University) and the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences has just introduced a new type of nanoparticle material developed for desalination in the journal ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. It is known that the titanium dioxide nanoparticles with "gold ornaments" can convert about 96% of the solar energy absorbed into heat, thus speeding up the evaporation of seawater desalination plants by 2.5 times, and can be used to track harmful molecules and compounds.
According to a 2019 report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), about 2.2 billion people worldwide lack access to safe drinking water. But the technology demonstrated by Russian scientists is expected to provide safe water support for the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
One way to provide clean drinking water is to desalinate seawater through evaporation traps. However, in order to increase production capacity, in the past five years, many international research teams have been actively looking for new materials that can increase the evaporation rate.
In addition to the university researchers from FEFU, FEB RAS and ITMO, this achievement was made possible by peer assistance from Spain, Japan, Bulgaria and Belarus.
And the researchers claim that while accelerating the rate of evaporation in desalination plants, the new nanomaterials can also be used as optical monitors in sensor systems to track tiny traces of various substances in liquids.
Looking to the future, we may see it in microfluidic biomedical systems, lab-on-a-chip, and environmental monitoring of pollutants, antibiotics or viruses in water.
Study map (from: ACS) Study map
Alexander Kuchmizhak, co-author of the study and a researcher at the FEB RAS Institute for Automation and Control of Processes, said: "Under laser irradiation, crystalline titanium dioxide becomes a completely amorphous crystal, thereby obtaining strong light absorption characteristics".
Stanislav Gurbatov, an initial researcher at FEFU Institute of Technology, added: "We added titanium dioxide nanopowders to a liquid containing gold ions and used auroral pulses in the visible spectrum to illuminate this mixture".
The non-static titanium dioxide nanopowder with "gold ornaments" takes on an almost pure black appearance, like a black hole in space that absorbs the entire visible spectrum and converts it into heat. In sharp contrast, the commercially available titanium dioxide powder used in the raw material instead looks closer to white.
Details of the study have been published recently in the journal ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces (Applied Materials & Interfaces). Black Au-Decorated TiO2 Produced via Laser Ablation in Liquid.
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